A quick revision of the cell and its key organelles — the foundation for everything else in this year's Biology.
Each organelle in a cell has a specialised job. The nucleus controls the cell's activities and contains its genetic material; the mitochondria release energy through respiration; and ribosomes build proteins.
Why is the nucleus often called the 'control centre' of the cell?
Because it contains the cell's DNA and directs all of the cell's activities, including growth and reproduction
Why are mitochondria sometimes called the 'powerhouse' of the cell?
Because they are the site of cellular respiration, which releases the energy the cell needs to function
1. What is the function of the nucleus?
2. What is the function of the mitochondria?
3. What is the function of ribosomes?
4. Name the structure that encloses and protects the contents of an animal cell.
5. Why is the cell described as the structural and functional unit of life?
6. Which organelle carries out photosynthesis in plant cells?
7. Name one structure found in plant cells but not in animal cells.
8. What is the main function of the cell wall in plant cells?
9. What is the jelly-like substance that fills the cell and holds the organelles called?
10. Why do muscle cells usually contain more mitochondria than many other cells?