Chapter 9 · ICSE Class 7 Mathematics

Profit, Loss and Discount

Learn how shopkeepers calculate profit and loss, and how discounts affect the price you actually pay.

🏷️ Chapter 9

How marked price, discount, and selling price are related A flow showing a marked price of 500 rupees, with a 10 percent discount of 50 rupees subtracted, giving a final selling price of 450 rupees Marked Price ₹500 − Discount (10%) ₹50 = Selling ₹450
9.1

Profit and Loss

Profit happens when the selling price (SP) is more than the cost price (CP): Profit = SP − CP. Loss happens when SP is less than CP: Loss = CP − SP. Profit% or Loss% is calculated on the cost price.

1

A shopkeeper buys a toy for ₹200 and sells it for ₹250. Find the profit and profit%.

Profit = ₹50; Profit% = (50/200) × 100 = 25%

2

A book bought for ₹150 is sold for ₹120. Find the loss and loss%.

Loss = ₹30; Loss% = (30/150) × 100 = 20%

9.2

Discount

A discount is a reduction from the marked price (MP). Selling Price = Marked Price − Discount. Discount is usually given as a percentage of the marked price.

1

A shirt marked at ₹800 is sold at a 15% discount. Find the selling price.

Discount = 0.15 × 800 = ₹120; SP = 800 − 120 = ₹680

2

An item marked ₹500 is sold for ₹425. Find the discount percentage.

Discount = ₹75; Discount% = (75/500) × 100 = 15%

Practice

Exercises

1. A pen bought for ₹40 is sold for ₹50. Find the profit%.

2. A bicycle bought for ₹3000 is sold for ₹2700. Find the loss%.

3. A jacket marked at ₹1200 is sold at a 20% discount. Find the selling price.

4. An item marked ₹250 is sold for ₹200. Find the discount%.

5. A shopkeeper buys 10 pens at ₹8 each and sells all of them for a total of ₹100. Find the profit%.

Next chapter — Chapter 10: Simple Interest 🏦 →