Chapter 1 ยท ICSE Class 5 Math

Fractions

A fraction is just a part of a whole. Drag the sliders on the right and watch the slices change โ€” that's the whole idea of this chapter, before we even get to the words for it.

The Slice Machine
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3
4

Try it: set 4 total slices and 4 taken โ€” what happens to the fraction?

1.1

What is a fraction?

Imagine you have a chocolate bar and break it into equal pieces. If you eat one piece, you've eaten a fraction of the bar. The numerator (top number) says how many parts you have. The denominator (bottom number) says how many equal parts the whole was cut into.

Everyday example โ€” A pizza cut into 8 slices, and you eat 3: that's 3/8 of the pizza. Try setting the Slice Machine above to 8 total, 3 taken.
1.2

Types of fractions

Proper
2/5

Top number smaller than the bottom. Less than one whole.

Improper
7/4

Top number equal to or bigger than the bottom. One whole or more.

Mixed number
1ยพ

A whole number plus a proper fraction โ€” another way to write 7/4.

1.3

Comparing fractions

1Same denominator

Just compare the numerators. 5/8 is bigger than 3/8 because 5 > 3.

2Different denominators

Convert to the same denominator first, using the LCM. To compare 1/3 and 1/4 โ€” LCM of 3 and 4 is 12, so 1/3 = 4/12 and 1/4 = 3/12. 1/3 is bigger.

1.4

Adding & subtracting fractions

1Riya's cake

Riya ate 2/6 of a cake and her brother ate 3/6. How much did they eat together?

2/6 + 3/6 = 5/6 โ€” they ate 5/6 of the cake.

2Which is bigger?

3/5 or 4/7? LCM of 5 and 7 is 35 โ†’ 3/5 = 21/35, 4/7 = 20/35.

3/5 is bigger.

3Mixed number conversion

Convert 11/3: 3 goes into 11 three times (9), remainder 2.

11/3 = 3โ…”

Watch out โ€” Never add denominators together. 1/2 + 1/3 is not 2/5. Convert to a common denominator first: 3/6 + 2/6 = 5/6.
๐ŸŽฎ Fraction Forest

Complete the Mission

Answer 3 out of 4 correctly to complete this quest and unlock Number Valley.

Practice

Exercises

Tap a question to reveal its answer once you've tried it yourself.

Assess

Sample tests

Two 20-mark, 30-minute tests. Reveal answers question by question, or all at once.