Chapter 3 · ICSE Class 5 Math

Basic Geometry

Every shape starts with points, lines, and angles. Drag the slider and watch the angle open up — the wider it opens, the bigger the angle.

The Angle Machine
60°Acute angle
60°

Try it: set the slider to exactly 90 — that's a right angle, like the corner of a book.

3.1

Points, lines, and angles

A point marks an exact position, with no length or width — just a dot. A line segment is a straight path between two points, with a fixed length. A ray starts at one point and goes on forever in one direction, like a beam of light. When two rays meet at a point, they form an angle — measured in degrees (°).

Everyday example — The hands of a clock form an angle at the centre. At 3 o'clock, the hands form a right angle (90°). Try setting the Angle Machine to 90 to see it.
3.2

Types of angles

Acute
< 90°

Smaller than a right angle.

Right
= 90°

Exactly a quarter turn.

Obtuse
90°–180°

Bigger than a right angle, less than straight.

Straight
= 180°

A straight line.

3.3

Measuring & comparing angles

1Using a protractor

Angles are measured in degrees using a protractor. Line up the base line with one ray, and read where the other ray crosses the scale.

2Comparing two angles

A 40° angle is smaller than a 70° angle — just compare the degree measures directly, the same way you'd compare any two numbers.

3.4

Perimeter of shapes

1Rectangle

A rectangle has sides 8 cm and 5 cm. Perimeter = sum of all sides = 8 + 5 + 8 + 5.

Perimeter = 26 cm

2Triangle

A triangle has sides 6 cm, 7 cm, and 5 cm.

Perimeter = 6 + 7 + 5 = 18 cm

3Square

A square has each side 9 cm. Since all 4 sides are equal:

Perimeter = 4 × 9 = 36 cm

Watch out — Perimeter is the distance around a shape, not the space inside it. Always add every side — don't forget a side just because it looks the same length as another.
🎮 Geometry Mountain

Complete the Mission

Answer 3 out of 4 correctly to complete this quest and unlock Percentage City.

Practice

Exercises

Tap a question to reveal its answer once you've tried it yourself.

Assess

Sample tests

Two 20-mark, 30-minute tests. Reveal answers question by question.