Science ยท Chapter 4 ยท ICSE Class 5

The Skeletal System

Your skeleton is the frame that holds your whole body together. Tap a bone below to find out its name and job.

The Skeleton Explorer

Tap a bone to begin

Choose Skull, Ribcage, Spine, Arm, Hip, or Leg above.

Try it: tap "Ribcage" to see which organs it protects.

4.1

Why do we have a skeleton?

The skeleton is the framework of bones inside your body. It has three main jobs: it gives your body support and shape, it protects soft and delicate organs, and it works with your muscles to allow movement.

Everyday example โ€” Just like the frame of a house holds up the walls and roof, your skeleton holds up your body and gives it its shape โ€” without it, you'd be a floppy pile of skin and muscle!
4.2

Types of bones

Long bones
Femur (thigh bone)

Longer than they are wide โ€” help with movement and support body weight.

Short bones
Wrist bones

About as wide as they are long โ€” allow small, precise movements.

Flat bones
Skull, Ribs

Thin and flat โ€” mainly protect organs like the brain and heart.

Irregular bones
Spine (vertebrae)

Odd, complex shapes that don't fit the other categories.

4.3

Joints โ€” where bones meet

1Hinge joints

Found at the elbow and knee. They move back and forth in one direction only, like a door hinge.

2Ball-and-socket joints

Found at the shoulder and hip. A rounded bone end fits into a cup-shaped socket, allowing movement in almost every direction.

3Fixed joints

Found in the skull. The bones are joined so tightly that they don't move at all, protecting the brain firmly.

Watch out โ€” Don't assume all joints move the same way โ€” a hinge joint like your knee can't rotate the way a ball-and-socket joint like your shoulder can.
4.4

Caring for your bones

Bones need care to stay strong and healthy. Eating foods rich in calcium (like milk and dairy), getting regular exercise, and keeping good posture all help build and protect strong bones.

Practice

Exercises

Tap a question to reveal its answer once you've tried it yourself.

Assess

Sample tests

Two 20-mark, 30-minute tests. Reveal answers question by question.