Chapter 5 · ICSE Class 8 Biology (Selina Concise)

Endocrine System and Adolescence

Learn about hormones, the glands that produce them, and the physical changes during adolescence.

🧬 Chapter 5

Major endocrine glands in the human body A simplified body outline showing the location of three major endocrine glands: the pituitary gland in the brain, the thyroid gland in the neck, and the adrenal glands above the kidneys Pituitary (in brain) Thyroid (neck) Adrenal (above kidneys)
5.1

Endocrine Glands and Hormones

Endocrine glands release hormones directly into the bloodstream, which regulate body processes like growth and metabolism.

1

What is a hormone?

A chemical messenger released by a gland that regulates body processes

2

Which gland is often called the 'master gland' because it controls other endocrine glands?

The pituitary gland

5.2

Changes During Adolescence

Adolescence is the period of physical and emotional development between childhood and adulthood, driven by hormonal changes (puberty).

1

What triggers the physical changes seen during adolescence?

Hormonal changes associated with puberty

2

Name one physical change that occurs during adolescence.

Growth spurt, voice change (in boys), or development of secondary sexual characteristics

Practice

Exercises

1. What is a hormone?

2. Which gland is called the 'master gland'?

3. What is adolescence?

4. Name one hormonal change during adolescence.

5. Name one physical change during adolescence.